You may not know this, but males and females share the same sex hormones, with the only difference of which being the fine balance in which they are present.
In females, there are higher levels of oestrogen and progesterone, and lower levels of testosterone, with the opposite being the case for males. Bearing this in mind, you can imagine the negative impacts once a balance is disrupted.
In males – Alcohol has the potential to raise the levels of naturally occurring oestrogen and progesterone, an effect that has the potential to reduce sperm count and in turn fertility. Additionally, this imbalance may impact one’s ability to gain an erection.
With oestrogen being wildly seen as a ‘female’ hormone, it’s unsurprising that excessive levels in males may trigger the development of secondary female sexual characteristics, for example in the form of breast tissue (Gynaecomastia).
In females – Alcohol can raise testosterone levels, potentially leading to abnormal menstrual periods, increased aggression, and irritability. In those experiencing menopause, if it wasn’t hard enough already, alcohol has been shown to worsen symptoms.
Bear in mind that this section only covers short-term symptoms of hormonal changes, and that long-term symptoms may be more varied, and possibly more serious.
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